Blockchain overview

Blockchain technology is already a familiar new technology concept. It is considered to be the fifth core technology with the most potential to trigger a disruptive revolution after steam engine, electricity, information, and Internet technology. With the development of digital currency, blockchain technology has also become the focus of global attention. With the attention of many people, more and more application scenarios of blockchain technology have also been realized, mainly because of its decentralized, non-tamperable, Traceable charm features.

Feature 1: Decentralization

Decentralization means that there are many nodes distributed in the blockchain network, and nodes can be freely connected to exchange data, assets, information, etc. without going through a third-party central organization. For example, our current routine transfers need to go through the central institution of the bank. In the blockchain network, we will be able to realize direct point-to-point transfers.

Feature 2: Cannot be tampered with

The blockchain uses cryptography to ensure that the information on the blockchain is not tampered with, mainly using the hash function and asymmetric encryption in cryptography.

The form of block + chain saves all historical data from the first block. The form of connection is that the latter block has the HASH value of the previous block. Any record on the block chain can be passed through the chain structure Back to the source.

Blockchain Market Prospect Analysis

Figure 2-1 2017-2020 China Blockchain Market Scale Forecast

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Source: Qianzhan Industry Research Institute

Figure 2-1 2017-2022 Chinese Blockchain Market Expenditure Scale

Source: IDC Worldwide Semiannual Blockchain Spending Guide

Analysis of the status quo of blockchain industrial parks

1. Policy background analysis

Since 2013, my country has successively introduced regulatory policies related to the blockchain, and now the new generation of information technology with the blockchain as the starting point continues to develop. With the continuous improvement of the policy system, it has further accelerated the development of my country's blockchain industry. In the near future, blockchain will become one of our most important technology industries.

2. Overview of the development of blockchain industrial parks

Since the establishment of the Sky Blockchain Incubation Base of Shanghai Intellectual Industry Park, domestic blockchain industrial parks have successively started nationwide construction and deployment. The number of chain industrial parks has reached 22.

3. Development layout of blockchain industrial park

Figure 4-1 Layout of domestic industrial parks

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Source: Internet Pulse, Qianzhan Industry Research Institute

According to the inter-chain pulse research data, as of May 2019, the total scale of industrial funds established for blockchain industrial parks in China exceeded 17.3 billion yuan, accounting for about 43%. The rapid development of blockchain industrial parks across the country is inseparable from the boost of industrial funds. At present, the total scale of blockchain industrial funds launched in 8 provinces and cities across the country is nearly 40 billion yuan, and the industrial investment in blockchain is in good condition.

Blockchain Park Development Issues

1. The profit model is too single, not in a healthy development state

Figure 4-1 Profit and income of domestic industrial parks

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Source: Internet Pulse, Qianzhan Industry Research Institute

2. The investment attraction and development of the park is limited

Figure 4-1 Investment attraction of the top three domestic industrial parks

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Figure 4-1 Vacancy rate of domestic industrial parks

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Source: Internet Pulse, Qianzhan Industry Research Institute

The industrial foundation of domestic blockchain industrial parks is generally relatively weak, which is mainly reflected in: First, the lack of experience in park operation. Many industrial park operators set foot in blockchain industrial parks for the first time, and their industrial characteristics are different from other types of industries. Lack of experience that can be used as a reference, and generally develop by feeling the stones and crossing the river, taking a lot of detours; second, the scientific research strength is average, although the blockchain technology has been developed for a certain period of time, but our country has really contacted and promoted the blockchain Technology In recent years, many colleges and universities have only begun to offer blockchain courses. There is a lack of professional technical personnel, and it is difficult to quickly improve scientific research strength; third, the comprehensive strength is unbalanced. Affected by the general environment and the financial market, the development of investment promotion is relatively good, but the development of its scientific research level and supporting policies is average, and there is a problem of unbalanced development. This also makes the current domestic blockchain industrial parks generally less competitive than the new generation of information technology industrial parks and big data industrial parks.

Analysis of Blockchain Park Industry Chain

At present, domestic blockchain industrial parks are mainly based on the midstream and downstream of blockchain, and are biased towards the tertiary industry sector. The development of the blockchain industrial park needs to build a complete blockchain industrial ecosystem. When building a new blockchain industrial park, we should select the development nodes and leading industries of the industrial chain in advance. The idea of ​​supporting related industries as a supplement is to create an industrial park with a complete industrial system. According to the functions and applications of the blockchain, it is divided into three major sections: upstream, middle and downstream, namely:

Upstream: hardware, infrastructure, etc.

-Provide and integrate underlying computing power and hardware support for various blockchains.

Midstream: Blockchain underlying platform and general technology, etc.

-Provide the underlying architecture, development platform and ecology for various blockchain applications;

- Make blockchain applications easier to deploy and be applied, serving developers and users.

Downstream: vertical application end and service facility system, etc.

-Help the flow of funds, information, etc., and provide professional services for industry chain participants.

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Source: Qianzhan Industry Research Institute

The upstream industry of the blockchain is mainly based on data storage equipment and peripheral supporting equipment, including the assembly of mining machines and external packaging, etc. The upstream industry is to provide and integrate underlying computing power and hardware support for various blockchains. It includes mining machines, mining pool assembly and construction, chip production and design, etc.

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Source: Qianzhan Industry Research Institute

The middle reaches of the blockchain industry mainly provide platform segments and various supporting technologies for various blockchains. According to statistics from the Qianzhan Industry Research Institute, there are at least dozens of basic chain platform projects on the market. The underlying basic chain of such platforms is equivalent to the operating system of the blockchain. The field of talents.

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Source: Qianzhan Industry Research Institute

The downstream industries of the blockchain industry chain are mainly vertical applications developed around the blockchain, such as medical scenarios, logistics scenarios, and financial scenarios. In addition, the downstream industry also includes derivative peripheral businesses that support the development of the blockchain industry, including digital asset exchanges, media and communities, market and information terminals, digital asset wallets, etc. This part of the peripheral business belongs to industry information and information Ports and transaction and capital pooling centers.

Source: Qianzhan Industry Research Institute

Top-level design suggestions for industrial parks

Blockchain technology is constantly being applied in our lives. With the advancement of technology and the normalization of supervision, its application fields will be further expanded. At present, my country's blockchain industry is in a stage of rapid development. Entrepreneurs and capital are constantly pouring in, and the number of enterprises is increasing rapidly. Internet giants are also actively deploying in the blockchain field to promote the development of the blockchain industry.

Judging from the distribution of newly established companies in the blockchain industry subdivision field, as of March 2018, the number of industry application companies in the blockchain field has continued to increase, and the number of companies serving financial industry applications has reached 86. The number of economic application service companies reached 109, and the number of related companies in the field of blockchain solutions, underlying platforms, blockchain media and communities was more than 40. The continuous development of enterprises will also lead to the construction and development of more blockchain industrial parks. In order to better carry out operations, profits, and investment promotion in the later stages of the industrial park, the construction of the industrial park needs a clear top-level design to guide its development. The development problems existing in the above-mentioned blockchain industrial park, the future construction of the blockchain industrial park can refer to the following top-level design models:

1. Build an industrial alliance system model

The top-level design of the blockchain industrial park can build an ecological integration system by building an industrial alliance, relying on the industrial alliance to promote the cooperative development of the park. The construction of the entire blockchain industry alliance needs to integrate regional or surrounding industrial resources, and use the industrial park as a carrier to establish a long-term and stable industry-university-research cooperation mechanism with universities or research institutes to promote the park's incubation and innovation development; Such as courier logistics, financial payment, etc. to establish shared laboratories, so that enterprises outside the park and blockchain enterprises in the park can form a bridge of scientific and technological communication; to attract external capital and industrial funds in the park to create a special guidance fund, to strengthen project incubation and innovation development . Through the industrial alliance, the advantages of universities and scientific research institutes can be brought into play, and the driving effect of industrial integration and innovation can be exerted by external enterprises, so that the investment promotion in the park can meet the needs of the industrial alliance to conduct precise investment promotion. ecological balance. This type of model is suitable for projects with relatively developed urban industries and many universities and scientific research resources in the surrounding areas.

2. Upstream and downstream whole industry chain model

In many blockchain industries, there are phenomena such as single industry and imperfect industry system, and competition in a single sector is oversaturated. Adopting the development model of the entire upstream, midstream and downstream industry chain can be introduced to start from the setting of the leading industry and carry out the construction of the upstream, midstream and downstream industrial ecosystem. Now many blockchain industrial parks focus on enterprises around the service platform chain and technology software layer Investment promotion is carried out, but the competition pressure of this group of enterprises is relatively high, it is more difficult to attract investment, and the office space required by various enterprises is limited, and the investment risks of enterprises are relatively high, and they are prone to premature death. Therefore, around the upper, middle and lower reaches of the whole industrial chain model, we can explore the upstream sector, start around the upstream (hardware manufacturing and R&D) end of the blockchain, and expand the scale of the overall industrial park by introducing a batch of mining machine production, design, and construction companies , can quickly expand the overall scale of the park, and the upstream end is not only the storage hardware segment around the blockchain, but also various service hardware such as: terminal sensors, communication terminals, etc. The midstream sector of the industry can also drive the development of the midstream and downstream through the introduction of upstream leading enterprises, and the midstream and downstream can also start from the vertical application layer. Through the whole industry chain model, this model expands the derivative sectors of the industry chain and builds a reasonable ecological system, which can alleviate the rare problem of investment attraction in the park. This type of model is suitable for projects with a general industrial base in cities and a limited number of blockchain companies.

3. Leading the blockchain industrial park model in the vertical field