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The topic of rent hikes in 2018 has been pushed to the forefront of public opinion. Living is just needed. If you can't afford a house, you can still rent it; but if you can't rent a house, you really have nothing to do. The most popular sentence on the Internet recently, this may also be the most heart-wrenching question in the summer of 2018: "If you can't keep up with the housing price, can you keep up with the rent?" The blockchain technology that has attracted much attention in recent years, or will be the key to breaking the game.
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Beijing has only basements, no dreams
Usually, the biggest topic of graduation season is parting. However, graduates in recent years no longer talk about parting, they talk more about rent issues. Statistics from Sina Finance show that in the past year, among the first- and second-tier cities across the country, rents in 13 cities have increased by more than 20%. Statistics from the I Love My Home Research Institute show that in July, the average monthly rental price of housing rentals in Beijing was 4,902 yuan per unit, an increase of 2.9% from June, and a decrease of 1.3 percentage points from June. Among them, the average rent price of general rental rose by 6.2% month-on-month, and the average rent price of apartments rose by 1.4% month-on-month.
The topic of rent hikes in 2018 has been pushed to the forefront of public opinion. Possible causes include:1. This yearBeijing's overall market supply is less,
The fire incident in Daxing led to the centralized cleaning and demolition of illegal apartments, group rented houses, partitioned houses and other rental housing that did not meet fire safety, resulting in a decrease in low-end rental housing in the market, which led to an increase in housing prices.
2. Long-term rental apartments directly drive up prices in order to rob houses, which leads to continuous improvement of psychological expectations of owners and higher quotations. Recently, the long-term rental apartment market has become a market that is sought after by capital. With the help of capital, various long-term rental apartment brands have begun to staking their land, and the competition has become increasingly fierce.
Hu Jinghui, the former vice president of I Love My Home Group (currently resigned), pointed out on the public platform that long-term rental apartment operators represented by Ziroom and Danke Apartment, in order to expand their scale, pay 20% to 40% higher than the normal market price They are scrambling for houses and artificially raising the price of houses. In order to become a trendy unicorn, the most mainstream method at present is to burn money and use the power of capital to "burn" all competitors, and eventually become a monopoly in this field and obtain the final pricing power. The figure below is also a very typical description of this phenomenon.It can be seen that under some operations, the price of the house has been increased by 44% before it is rented out. The intermediary will not do business at a loss, and the ultimate victim is obviously the tenant. For many leasing intermediaries,
Their biggest profit source is to earn the price difference, hoard the house at a low price, and then rent it out at a high price through a series of means such as packaging and hype.However, in the city, living is just needed. If you can't afford a house, you can still rent it; but if you can't rent a house, you really have nothing to do. The most popular sentence on the Internet recently, this may also be the most heart-wrenching question in the summer of 2018:"If you can't keep up with the house price, can you keep up with the rent?"
High rents have become a major burden for young people in first-tier cities.
After the phenomenon of high rental prices in Beijing, the relevant government departments took relevant measures quickly.
On August 17, the Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Beijing Real Estate Intermediary Association interviewed the heads of a number of housing leasing companies, expressly requesting not to drive up rents to seize housing resources, otherwise they will be severely punished.
The "Opinions on the Development of Lease-type Collective Dormitories for Employees (Trial)" issued by the Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the "Relevant Opinions on Further Strengthening the Work of Using Collective Land to Build Rental Housing" issued by Beijing Municipality are all ensuring reasonable rental housing. space.
However, there is always a time gap between the implementation of the policy, and the effect of the policy implementation remains to be seen. In addition to the compulsory measures issued by the government, in today's rapid technological development, do we have other means to protect the rights and interests of consumers and return people a healthier and more reasonable housing rental market? The relationship between housing agents and residents is essentially a game. Is it possible for us to break the game and find a more active market state?
Blockchain technology, which has received much attention in recent years, may become the key to breaking the situation.
The key to breaking the block chain lies in two points: first, the intermediary role can be removed through the block chain, and a credible trading environment can be established; Hedging risk.
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Breakthrough 1 - Reducing the cost of trust
The significance of the blockchain is to build a credible value network and fundamentally solve the possible deception in the value exchange process. Based on a trusted blockchain network, it can greatly improve the rental efficiency of the rental market, simplify the corresponding process, remove the intermediary role, and reduce some unnecessary transaction costs and trust costs.
First of all, you can start with the basic situation of the house and build a foundation of trust from the source. It is difficult for non-professionals to have an in-depth understanding of the house in a short period of time, and they can only look at the surface during the viewing process. For example, internal problems such as house leaks are difficult to find. If tenants understand these conditions in advance, they can do better. Make reasonable choices. Relevant institutions can upload the basic information of the house through the blockchain, such as geographical location, area, construction year, spatial structure, decoration materials, etc., and can also upload relevant information during the house rental process, such as past rental The situation and other information are uploaded to the chain. This can effectively reduce the situation of tenants encountering false listings when renting a house, and reduce disputes and transaction costs. This is a process of lowering information barriers and protecting tenants.
Second, establish a relationship of trust between the homeowner and the tenant. It is not uncommon in reality to pretend to be a homeowner to defraud tenants of money, and blockchain technology can prevent this from happening. The blockchain can verify the true identity of all parties through the identity authentication information system, and once authenticated, the information cannot be tampered with. If an identity fraud event is discovered, the information will be synchronized to the entire network, and no one will conduct any transactions with this person in the future. The immutability of information recorded by blockchain technology makes counterfeiting face huge risks and costs.
Blockchain can then remove the monopoly of intermediaries. For homeowners, in order to improve their own interests, the intermediary will transform the house into more rooms without the homeowner's knowledge. For tenants, the intermediary has a strong right to speak, which will raise the rent and put more pressure on the tenant to rent a house. A distributed platform built on the blockchain, so homeowners and tenants can conduct transactions directly without the existence of a third-party agency such as a real estate agency. Each user is a node on the chain, and the tenant can view all the information of the house, including the basic situation, internal photos, rental price, rental records, and other tenants’ comments on the house, and can view the basic information of the house owner. The information mainly depends on whether there have been related violations in the past, such as malicious rent increases, withholding of deposits, etc., so as to select suitable housing sources. After the homeowner receives the tenant’s invitation information, the homeowner can directly check the tenant’s information on the chain, such as whether there is any rent arrears, whether the house has been damaged, etc., so as to determine whether to accept the rent to him.
In fact, the matter of blockchain + renting houses has long been concerned by all walks of life, and many projects have already been implemented. At the beginning of this year, Xiong’an New District launched the first blockchain rental application platform in China. On the platform, there are housing information, identity information of landlords and tenants, and relevant information of housing lease contracts. The information is uploaded after multiple inspections. Chain, and cannot be tampered with, hoping to solve the trust problem in the rental market and create a housing rental market of "real people, real houses, and real people".
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Breakthrough 2 - Asset Tokenization
In recent years, the emergence and development of blockchain technology has brought new solutions to asset management. Blockchain technology can enable the entire asset circulation process to be recorded in a trusted blockchain ledger that can never be tampered with. The risk of personal information leakage can be reduced through technical means such as asymmetric encryption. The business model of "blockchain + assets" (that is, assets on the chain) breaks the traditional dilemma of trust-based transactions, removes the intervention of third-party institutions, and accelerates the confirmation of asset rights and circulation efficiency. Essentially, the content of assets on the chain refers to the relevant rights and interests of the corresponding assets, including ownership, use rights and income rights. When discussing asset chaining, if the content on the chain is the ownership of the asset, the transfer of ownership is recorded on the blockchain; if the content on the chain is the right to use the asset, the rental information of the asset is recorded on the blockchain ; If the content on the chain is the right to income, the record on the blockchain is the ownership of the expected income of the asset.
Hash Research Institute's "Asset On-Chain Index System Design" pointed out that the key to judging whether an asset is suitable for on-chain and whether it needs to be on-chain lies in whether blockchain technology can solve the "pain points" in current asset management, while also taking into account Can the blockchain accelerate the value realization and circulation of assets, and quickly realize the difficulty of going to the chain, that is, the needs of asset value, asset circulation, operability, and trustlessness.
The article shows that land use rights and usufruct rights, housing and building use rights and usufruct rights are the most suitable assets for priority on-chain; second-hand transactions and leasing markets are possible growth points for asset on-chain. The reasons include two aspects: first, the use rights of these two types of assets require trustlessness; second, the growth potential of these two markets is huge.
When an asset is uploaded to the blockchain, its tokenization is a natural thing. So how can the tokenization of assets solve the problem of the rental market?
It starts with thinking about why people are renting. Most people have to rent a house because they have no house and cannot afford a house. In first-tier cities, buying a house is unrealistic for the vast majority of fresh graduates. The investment value of real estate has been an asset with high return on investment in the past ten years, and all rich people will basically allocate part of their assets in the direction of real estate. However, under the existing system, the threshold for individual real estate investment is relatively high. On the one hand, there is not enough funds to invest; secondly, the unit price of real estate is relatively high, and it cannot be split.
The emergence of the blockchain has made the threshold for investing in real estate lower, and more people can come in and invest. First of all, the future income rights of the real estate are put on the chain and divided into several certificates. You can buy and trade the certificates on the chain. Each certificate corresponds to the proportion of its future income dividends. In this way, on the one hand, there are more feasible investment channels for the ordinary Beidiao family and an increase in income. On the other hand, it can also exist in the form of a "hedge fund". Tenants can invest in rented houses or the income rights of houses related to the rental market. In this way, when the rent increases, the income corresponding to the tenant's certificate will also increase, so that Reduce the burden of living by hedging against the cost of living brought about by rising rents.
According to the public data of Anjuke, we take a one-bedroom, one-living room with an area of 45 square meters in Wudaokou Huaqing Jiayuan as an example. In August 2018, the average price of a second-hand house was about 120,000 yuan, and the whole rent was 7,500 yuan/month . We use two years as the calculation standard. In August 2016, the house price was 100,000 yuan, and the rent was 5,500 yuan/month. At that time, we purchased 10% of the usufruct rights of the house.
cost:
1. Purchase income rights: 10*45*10%=450,000
3. Rental cost due to rent increase: 1000*12+2000*12=36,000
income:
income:
1. Income from rising housing prices: (12-10)*45*10%=90,000
2. Rental income: 20.4*10%=20,400
profit:1. If only the impact of rent is considered, through this investment,
Successfully reduced the expenditure of 20,400 yuan, accounting for 56.67% of the rent expenditure2. If the impact of housing prices is considered, through this investment,
Successfully increased the income of 74,400,
It can be seen from this that if you invest 10% of the real estate, two years after graduation, you will not be troubled by rising rents, but you will bring yourself an income of 74,400.
